40. Define intelligence and the history of measuring it.
For many, intelligence has always been defined by whatever intelligence tests measure. Throughout history this has overwhelmingly been school smarts. However, a person’s culture has a great deal to do with how intelligence is defined. For instance, in some places around the globe, intelligence is related to one’s ability to survive. That is seen more in underdeveloped nations as well as tribal communities. These people value the knowledge that benefits them on a daily basis such as how to hunt and heal. For us in the developed world, intelligence is always something that we want to quantify and compare with others. Therefore an overall definition that can be used in both instances- intelligence is an ability to learn from experiences, solve problems and use knowledge to adapt to new situations.
Spearman developed factor analysis. He said that if people score high in one related area they would score high in another. Thurstone disagreed with Spearman and said one test couldn’t prove intelligence. He gave 56 different tests to people to determine various scales of aptitude. Alfred Binet developed accessing kids by there mental age. He would compare there chronological age to there mental age and rate them either above or below intelligence. Meaning does a nine year old perform at the level of most nine, ten or seven year olds. Lewis Terman built on Binet’s test to extend testing to deem teenagers as “Superior adults”. He called this the Stanford-Binet test. William Stern developed the intelligence quotients test which we still use today but simply call IQ. This test takes a persons mental age divided by chronological age and multiplied by one hundred. Now today several new tests have branched from the original IQ test. Achievement tests reflect what you learn. Aptitude tests are given to predict your ability to learn. These tests are much more common than the standard IQ test and are given frequently by schools and colleges.
Artifact #1
http://www.allthetests.com/iq-test-intelligence.php3
This link shows many different tests that can be used to test the IQ of a person.
Artifact #2
The image shows a test in which you need to say the color of the word and not what the literal word is.
For many, intelligence has always been defined by whatever intelligence tests measure. Throughout history this has overwhelmingly been school smarts. However, a person’s culture has a great deal to do with how intelligence is defined. For instance, in some places around the globe, intelligence is related to one’s ability to survive. That is seen more in underdeveloped nations as well as tribal communities. These people value the knowledge that benefits them on a daily basis such as how to hunt and heal. For us in the developed world, intelligence is always something that we want to quantify and compare with others. Therefore an overall definition that can be used in both instances- intelligence is an ability to learn from experiences, solve problems and use knowledge to adapt to new situations.
Spearman developed factor analysis. He said that if people score high in one related area they would score high in another. Thurstone disagreed with Spearman and said one test couldn’t prove intelligence. He gave 56 different tests to people to determine various scales of aptitude. Alfred Binet developed accessing kids by there mental age. He would compare there chronological age to there mental age and rate them either above or below intelligence. Meaning does a nine year old perform at the level of most nine, ten or seven year olds. Lewis Terman built on Binet’s test to extend testing to deem teenagers as “Superior adults”. He called this the Stanford-Binet test. William Stern developed the intelligence quotients test which we still use today but simply call IQ. This test takes a persons mental age divided by chronological age and multiplied by one hundred. Now today several new tests have branched from the original IQ test. Achievement tests reflect what you learn. Aptitude tests are given to predict your ability to learn. These tests are much more common than the standard IQ test and are given frequently by schools and colleges.
Artifact #1
http://www.allthetests.com/iq-test-intelligence.php3
This link shows many different tests that can be used to test the IQ of a person.
Artifact #2
The image shows a test in which you need to say the color of the word and not what the literal word is.